SharePoint 2007 vs SharePoint 2010

My goal with this page is to just have all of the comparison information in one place.
○= Feature Included
●= Improved In Office Sharepoint Server 2010
☻= New In Office Sharepoint Server 2010

Sites

Feature Name / Area	Sharepoint Server 2007	Sharepoint Server 2010
Office Integration	○	●
Line-Of-Business Integration	○	●
Read/Write Capabilities		☻
Enterprise Management Operations	○	●
Management Tools And Reporting	○	●
Web Analytics		☻
Mobile Connectivity	○	●
Full-Fidelity Viewing		☻
Editing To Mobile		☻
Office Interaction	○	●
Read/Write Capabilities	○	☻
Robust User Experience	○	☻
Contextual Ribbon		☻
Microsoft Silverlight		☻
Office Web Applications		☻
Tagging		☻
Audience Targeting		☻

Communities

Feature Name / Area	Sharepoint Server 2007	Sharepoint Server 2010
My Site: People Profile & Personal Site	○	●
Photos And Presence	○	●
Status Updates	○	●
Ask Me About		☻
Note Board		☻
Recent Activities		☻
Organization Browser		☻
Add Colleagues	○	●
Social Bookmarks		☻
Tags		☻
Tag Clouds		☻
Tag Profiles		☻
My Network		☻
Blogs	○	●
Wikis	○	●
Enterprise Wikis		☻
Ratings		☻
Colleague Suggestions	○	●
Keyword Suggestions		☻

Content

Feature Name / Area	Sharepoint Server 2007	Sharepoint Server 2010
Compliance Everywhere		☻
Flexible Records Management		☻
Shared Content Types And Managed Metadata Service		☻
Content Organizer		☻
Rich Media Management		☻
Document Sets		☻
Word Automation Services		☻
Support For Accessibility Standards		☻

Search

Feature Name / Area	Sharepoint Server 2007	Sharepoint Server 2010
People And Expertise Search	○	●
Search From Windows 7 And Windows Mobile	○	●
Common Connector Framework For Indexing And Federation	○	●
Scale And Performance Via Improved Topology Architecture	○	●
Ability To Build Search-Powered Applications	○	●
Refinement Panel And Sorting		☻
Search In Context		☻
Social Behavior Improves Relevance		☻
Thumbnails, Previews, And View In Browser		☻

Insights

Feature Name / Area	Sharepoint Server 2007	Sharepoint Server 2010
KPI Details		☻
Dashboard Designer	○	●
Enhanced Navigation, Including Filtering And Sorting (Top/Bottom 10, Switchable Measures)		☻
Publish More Workbooks		☻
Javascript Object Model		☻
Powershell Scripting		☻
Richer Fidelity With Excel Workbooks		☻
Support For Analytical Services Formatting		☻
Additional Data Sources, Including External Lists And “PowerPivot” Workbooks		☻
Improved Strategy Map Connection And Formatting		☻
Seamless Management Of Dashboard Content	○	●
Integrated Filter Framework		☻
Calculated KPIs		☻
Improved Visualizations		☻
Chart Web Parts		☻
Business Intelligence Center	(Report Center)	☻

Composites

Feature Name / Area	Sharepoint Server 2007	Sharepoint Server 2010
Browser-Based Customizations	○	●
Business Connectivity Services		☻
Sharepoint Designer	○	●
Human Workflows	○	●
Forms Services	○	●
Visio Services		☻
Access Services		☻
Sandboxed Solutions		☻

Microsoft Office 2010 with Different Versions of SharePoint

Feature Name/Area	Description	SharePoint 2010	SharePoint 2007
Coauthor Documents and Presentations	Share ideas with other people simultaneously and see what areas of a document have changed.	With coauthoring, work together in Microsoft Office Word 2010 and Microsoft Office PowerPoint 2010, and see others’ changes tracked in documents hosted in SharePoint 2010.
Simultaneously Edit Spreadsheets and Notebooks	Work together on content using a Web browser	Work together in Microsoft Office Excel 2010 and Microsoft Office OneNote 2010 Web applications simultaneously and see others’ changes in real time.
Highlight Changes in Shared Notebooks	Enable multiple people to add to and change the same shared notebook. Author names appear in near real time as changes are made.	Shared OneNote 2010 notebooks provide a clear trail of what other authors have changed since the last user opened the notebook.
Broadcast Slide Shows in PowerPoint	Share a PowerPoint presentation over the Web for remote or networked viewers.	Audiences do not need to have PowerPoint 2010 installed; they can see the presentation in high fidelity in a Web browser.
Save Documents and Presentations Directly to SharePoint	Automatically discover SharePoint document libraries to make saving content easier and more intuitive.	People can save Office 2010 documents directly to the SharePoint 2010 document library from Office Backstage view.
PowerPivot	PowerPivot for Excel 2010 provides streamlined integration and Web-based analysis in SharePoint. Use data from multiple sources and manipulate large data sets that have up to hundreds of millions of rows.	Publish and share analysis with less effort and enable others to enjoy the same Data Slicers and fast-query capabilities, even when working in Excel Services reports.
Publish and Share Information Through Excel Services	Share analysis and results across the organization by publishing Excel 2010 spreadsheets to the Web or other SharePoint sites (intranet, extranet).	Use Backstage view in Excel 2010 to selectively publish selective parts of a worksheet, hide formulas, and stage data to SharePoint 2010.	Use Backstage view in Excel 2010 to selectively publish parts of a worksheet to SharePoint 2007.
Microsoft Office Access Design for the Web	Microsoft Office Access 2010 applications developed in Design for Web mode can be designed and edited for publishing to SharePoint, so people can share, collect, and report on data.	Use Access 2010 to publish data, forms, logic/macros, and reports with nearly the same look and feel in the browser as in Access 2010 on a PC.
Automate Metadata Capture	Provide better, automated metadata capture in SharePoint to make information more findable, perceptible, discoverable, navigable, manageable, and re-usable.	Use Word 2010 to provide better and more automated metadata capture from Backstage view, including document information either added automatically or typed quickly in AutoComplete fields.	Word 2010 provides automated metadata capture from Backstage view, including document information added automatically.
Use Office Backstage View	Seamlessly connect Office 2010 applications with SharePoint to provide workflow integration, the ability to enter metadata, and social context.	By using Office Backstage view in Office 2010 applications, people can enter metadata, interact with workflows, access authors’ profiles, view recent content the author has created in SharePoint 2010, and more.	By using Office Backstage view in Office 2010 applications, people can enter metadata and interact with workflows
Access SharePoint Templates	Access Office 2010 document templates stored in SharePoint more quickly and easily.	People can access document templates stored in SharePoint 2010 via the New Document wizard in Office 2010 applications.
Apply PowerPoint Themes to SharePoint	Make customization of SharePoint sites more flexible by using themes used in PowerPoint 2010 presentations.	People can apply themes to SharePoint 2010 sites by using the same themes as in PowerPoint 2010.
Use Reusable Workflows	Support workflows to be used multiple times and provide workflow templates for later use in SharePoint.	SharePoint Designer 2010 supports reusable workflows and workflows attached to content types.
Visualize Workflow	Allow a workflow designer to see the steps in a SharePoint workflow in a visual format.	Workflows developed as drawings and exported from Office Visio 2010 can be imported into SharePoint Designer 2010 for modification and deployment.
Use Forms-Based Applications	Forms-based applications connect with back-end data and include workflow, reporting, custom Web pages, and other components.	Integrate InfoPath 2010 forms with back-end data by using external lists in SharePoint 2010, and include custom sandboxed solution code.
Provide the Office Ribbon for InfoPath Forms Web Services	Provide the Fluent Office Ribbon interface for Web-enabled forms so people can easily find, access, and use the features they want when designing Web-enabled forms.	When used with SharePoint 2010, InfoPath Forms Services provides Web-enabled forms with their commands in a Ribbon interface.
View and Edit Documents, Spreadsheets, Presentations, and Notebooks in the Browser	Allow editing, even if applications are not loaded on a PC.	View and make light edits to documents through Office Web applications in a browser. Document formatting and content are maintained when changes are made in the browser and Web applications can be hosted on the premises running in SharePoint.
Mobile Access Enhancements	View and edit documents from a mobile device even when on the go.	View Office 2010 documents from virtually anywhere by using Web applications, without losing fidelity, and make changes with limited editing capabilities.
Work Offline with an Improved Experience in Microsoft Office Access	Edit Office Access 2010 forms, reports, queries, and macros offline and synchronize changes in SharePoint when reconnected to the network.	Data in SharePoint 2010 list is cached in the Access 2010 by default.
Collaborate Offline and Online	Work offline with SharePoint contents and when reconnected to the network, changes are synchronized.	Work offline in SharePoint 2010 document libraries and lists through SharePoint Workspace 2010.
Fill In Forms Offline	SharePoint list forms are synchronized so people can work offline.	SharePoint 2010 list items open in an InfoPath 2010 form that is hosted in SharePoint for edit in display mode.
Extend the Reach of Forms	Fill in InfoPath 2010 forms in a Web browser, while online or offline, and from a mobile device.	The InfoPath 2010 forms solution offers embedded solutions that use InfoPath controls that can be hosted.
Publish Access Databases to the Web	Securely publish database applications to the Web so IT managers can meet data compliance, backup, and audit requirements.	While publishing data, Access 2010 checks for incompatible objects and builds a report of any runtime differences between the client and server.
Use Business Data Applications	Design forms for SharePoint that create, read, update, and delete business data from a back-end system.	Business data applications start with an external list in SharePoint 2010 and use InfoPath Designer 2010 to create custom forms on top of the list.
Offline and Online LOB Integration	Take LOB data offline and synchronize changes automatically when back online.	Synchronize LOB data in both directions between SharePoint Workspace 2010 and enterprise line-of-business systems by bringing LOB data into SharePoint 2010 Sites and then taking it offline via SharePoint Workspace 2010.
Enhance Information Security and Integrity with Digital Signatures	Help ensure the integrity of information contained in forms with the controls necessary to enable single, co-sign, and counter-sign scenarios for the full form or portions of the form.	InfoPath 2010 and SharePoint 2010 support CNG digitally signed content.
Manage Forms More Easily	More easily manage form versions, updates, and upgrades in SharePoint to ensure that team members are working in the correct version of a form.	Automate template version management with SharePoint 2010 and InfoPath 2010 to provide an improved process for checking for template updates.
Use Line of Business data in applications	Provide a SharePoint-based framework for creating Office Business Applications.	Business Connectivity Services (BCS) provides the read/write capability to connect SharePoint 2010 and Microsoft Office client applications to external data sources (such as SQL, Oracle, SAP, CRM, Siebel, Web services, and custom applications).	Use Business Data Catalog within SharePoint to provide read access and surface line of business information in Office client applications
Business Connectivity Services: Use Data as Document Properties	Insert LOB data as document properties to make critical information more findable, perceptible, and re-usable in SharePoint.	Expose BCS data as Word 2010 document properties and insert it into documents.
Package and More Easily Move SharePoint Applications	Move InfoPath applications more easily from site to site and server to server.	Package InfoPath 2010 applications more quickly and easily packaged by using Windows SharePoint Services solutions (.wsp) and SharePoint site template (.stp) file formats.

Architecture Comparison

Web Services/Object Model

Available with SharePoint 2007:

• Administration
• Alerts
• Authentication
• Data Retrieval
• Permissions
• Sites
• Search
• People and Profiles
• Workflow

New with SharePoint 2010:

• List REST access with ADO.NET Data Services
• Excel Services REST access
• Client Object Model
• WSRP (v1.1) Consumer Web Part

Editions

v Enterprise Client Access License

v Standard Client Access License

v SharePoint Server 2010 for Internet Sites, Enterprise

v SharePoint Server 2010 for Internet Sites, Standard

v SharePoint Foundation 2010 (Free)

v SharePoint Designer 2010 (Free)

Microsoft has created a fantastic interactive chart here  that goes through each edition.

What’s New For Administrators

Available in SharePoint 2010:

IT Pro Productivity

SharePoint Best Practices Analyzer

Backup And Restore Configuration Data

Site Collection Migration

Content Recovery Down To The Site And List Level

Content Restore Of Site Or List

Windows PowerShell™ Snap-Ins And Commands

Managed Accounts

Correlation IDs

Scalable Unified Infrastructure

Shared Service Applications

Hosting And Multi-Tenancy Architecture With Site Subscriptions

Claims-Based Authentication

Profile Synchronization

High Availability Automatic Failover

Content Type Syndication

Sandbox Solutions

List Throttling

Remote Blog Storage

Flexible Deployment

Prerequisite Installer

Visual Upgrade

Configuration Wizards

Scriptable Deployment

On-Premise Or Online

Diagnostics

Unified Logging Service (ULS)

Usage Database

Developer Dashboard

Reliability and Monitoring

SharePoint Maintenance Engine (SPME) Rules

System Center Operations Manager (SCOM) Monitoring

Reporting

Out of the Box Usage Reports

SCOM Reports